石油与天然气地质 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 407-418.doi: 10.11743/ogg20220213
吴小奇1,2(), 陈迎宾1,2, 翟常博2, 周凌方1,2, 周小进1,2, 杨俊1,2, 王彦青1,2, 宋晓波3
收稿日期:
2020-11-25
修回日期:
2022-01-13
出版日期:
2022-04-01
发布日期:
2022-03-11
第一作者简介:
吴小奇(1982—),男,博士、高级工程师,油气成藏和地球化学。E?mail: 基金项目:
Xiaoqi Wu1,2(), Yingbin Chen1,2, Changbo Zhai2, Lingfang Zhou1,2, Xiaojin Zhou1,2, Jun Yang1,2, Yanqing Wang1,2, Xiaobo Song3
Received:
2020-11-25
Revised:
2022-01-13
Online:
2022-04-01
Published:
2022-03-11
摘要:
中三叠统雷口坡组是四川盆地西部天然气勘探的热点层系之一,目前对其储层沥青发育和地球化学特征的研究与认识较为薄弱。基于储层沥青含量、反射率、碳同位素和生物标志化合物等开展川西雷口坡组沥青的成因和来源研究,并基于沥青地球化学特征分析来开展气源示踪,丰富和完善了该区气源对比的研究方法和途径。研究表明,雷口坡组储层中沥青零星分布于缝合线和裂缝中,δ13C值介于-28.6 ‰ ~ -24.6 ‰。钻井岩心样品中沥青的等效镜质体反射率平均为3.14 %,为典型的热裂解成因。野外露头沥青样品等效镜质体反射率较低,香水镇黄连桥和石元乡马鞍塘剖面沥青经历了生物降解,而天池乡卸军门剖面沥青为原油脱沥青质作用形成。雷口坡组储层沥青与自身碳酸盐岩具有较好的亲缘性,而根据沥青含量计算所得川西大气田雷口坡组裂解生气强度和圈闭总裂解生气量与现今气藏规模不匹配。川西大气田主体并非来自古油藏的原位裂解,而是由高演化阶段的原油裂解气直接充注形成。天然气主体来自下伏上二叠统烃源岩,雷口坡组自身碳酸盐岩贡献较为有限。相关认识为揭示川西雷口坡组成藏机理、明确勘探方向提供了科学依据。
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