基于频谱分解的测井曲线标准化方法

doi:10.11743/ogg20130118

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

测井曲线标准化可有效消除测井资料的系统误差,是提高储层参数计算和预测精度的关键性基础工作。由于缺乏稳定标准层,基于标准层的曲线标准化方法难以适用于岩性变化频繁的陆相沉积地层。文章从频谱分解的地质含义入手,分析不同周期旋回对沉积地层的贡献,将反映沉积地层"背景值"的低频旋回叠加地层视为一套横向稳定分布的"宏观标准层"。优选曲线低频分量的极值作为特征值,结合空间趋势面分析技术确定标准值,对曲线低频分量、高频分量分别进行平移校正和比例校正,进而实现曲线的标准化。应用该方法对松辽盆地大庆长垣南部葡萄花油层测井曲线进行实际处理,岩心孔隙度与标准化后曲线的相关系数明显高于标准化前曲线,从而证明基于频谱分解的曲线标准化方法能够有效地应用于标准层缺乏的陆相沉积地层。

关键词: 测井曲线, 标准化, 低频旋回, 频谱分解, 油藏评价, 大庆长垣, 松辽盆地

Abstract:

Well log normalization can effectively reduce systematic errors during logging data interpretation,therefore has been used to improve the accuracy of formation parameter calculation and reservoir prediction.However,lack of a stable marker bed makes the marker-based normalization method too rigid to be adapted to continental sedimentary sequences with rapid variation of lithology.This paper analyzes the geological meaning of spectral decomposition,determines the contributions of different cycles to sedimentary formations,and then regards the superimposed formation of low-frequency cycles which represents the background values of formation as a macro marker bed with stable lateral distribution.The extreme value of low-frequency component was selected as characteristic value and the marker bed values were determined through trend surface analysis.Then translation correction and scale correction were carried out on the low-frequency and high-frequency components of the curves.Finally,log normalization can be achieved.This method had been applied to the normalization of logs of the Putaohua Formation in Daqing central uplift in Songliao Basin,and the correlation coefficient of core porosity and normalized curves was significantly higher than that of core porosity and original curves.This demonstrates that the log normalization method based on spectrum decomposition can be effectively applied to the continental sequences without stable marker beds.

Key words: well log, normalization, low-frequency cycle, spectral decomposition, reservoir evaluation, Daqing, central uplift, Songliao Basin

中图分类号:

TE112.1

肖佃师,卢双舫,陈海峰,等. 基于频谱分解的测井曲线标准化方法[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2013, 34(1): 129-136. doi: 10.11743/ogg20130118 Xiao Dianshi,Lu Shuangfang,Chen Haifeng,et al. Logging data normalization based on frequency spectral decomposition[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2013, 34(1): 129-136. doi: 10.11743/ogg20130118

参考文献

[1] 李占东,赵伟,李阳,等.开发地震反演可行性研究及应用——以大庆长垣北部油田为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(5):797-806. Li Zhandong,Zhao Wei,Li Yang,et al.Feasibility study and application of development seismic inversion—a case study from northern Changyuan oilfield of Daqing[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2011,32(5):797-806.
[2] 孟恩,徐刚,沈财余,等.约束地震反演中测井数据的标准化及储层的精细标定[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):226-232. Meng En,Xu Gang,Shen Caiyu,et al.Standard of logging data in constrained seismic inversion and fine labeling of reservoir [J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(2):226-232.
[3] 李东安,宁俊瑞,刘振峰.用神经网络和地质统计学综合多元信息进行储层预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(4):493-498,503. Li Dong'an,Ning Junrui,Liu Zhenfeng.Reservoir prediction with integrated information based on artificial neural network technology and geostatistics[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2010,31(4):493-498,503.
[4] 吴小林,刘志霞,邓辞.测井精细解释在FMN油田储量挖潜中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(5):549-553. Wu Xiaolin,Liu Zhixia,Deng Ci.Application of accuracy logging interpretation in FMN oil field reserve evaluation[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2012,34(5):549-553.
[5] 刘爱群,盖永浩.测井约束反演过程中测井资料统计分析研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1487-1492. Liu Aiqun,Gai Yonghao.Analysis and research of log information in the process of oil well logging restraint inversion[J].Progress in Geophys,2007,22(5):1487-1492.
[6] 郭洪岩,云美厚,艾印双.地震资料解释中应用测井数据需注意的几个问题[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):625-629. Guo Hongyan,Yun Meihou,Ai Yinshuang.Several problems need to be noticed in the application of logging data to seismic data interpretation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(6):625-629.
[7] 侯伯刚,刘文岭,罗娜.地震反演中测井数据的预处理[J].物探与化探,2009,33(3):331-336. Hou Bogang,Liu Wenling,Luo Na.The preprocessing of well log data for seismic inversion[J].Geophysical & geochemical exploration,2009,33(3):331-336.
[8] 雍世和,张超谟.测井数据处理与综合解释[M].山东:石油大学出版社,2002,105-108. Yong Shihe,Zhang Chaomo.Logging data processing and integrated Interpretation[M].Shandong:Petroleum university,2002,105-108.
[9] Shier D E.Well log normalization:methods and guidelines[J].Petrophysics,2004,45(3):268-280.
[10] Doveton J H,Borneman E.Log Normalization by Trend Surface Analysis[J].The Log Analyst,1983,24(1):230-245.
[11] 蔡忠,荃麟.油气田测井数据标准化方法研究[J].地质论评,1993,39(4):371-377. Cai Zhong,Quan Lin.The study of log data normalization[J].Geological Review,1993,39(4):371-377.
[12] 王志章,熊琦华.油藏描述中的测井资料数据标准化方法和程序[J].测井技术,1994,9(6):402-407. Wang Zhizhang,Xiong Qihua.Normalization procedures for logging data in reservoir description[J].Well Logging Technology,1994,9(6):402-407.
[13] 熊琦华,王志章,曾文冲.牛庄洼陷万全油田测井资料数据标准化[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1991,15(3):28-35. Xiong Qihua,Wang Zhizhang,Zeng Wenchong.Normalization of well-logging data in Wanquan Oilfield of Niuzhuang Depression[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum(Science and Technology),1991,15(3):28～35.
[14] 邵才瑞,宋慧莹,张福明,等.利用标准砂层组采用趋势面分析进行多井资料标准化[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(3):1031-1038. Shao Cairui,Song Huiying,Zhang Fuming,et al.Using standard sand set to do multi-well logs normalization with histogram and trend surface analysis technology[J].Progress in Geophys,2011,26(3):1031-1038.
[15] 王志章,熊琦华,宋杰英.视标准层的构成与测井资料数据标准化[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1995,19(1):13-17. Wang Zhizhang,Xiong Qihua,Song Jieying.Development of apparent index bed and normalization of well logging data [J].Journal of the University of Petroleum(Science and Technology),1995,19(1):13-17.
[16] 陈福煊,赵军.用两个"虚拟"标准层对测井曲线进行标准化[J].测井技术,1996,20(5):345-350. Chen Fuxuan,Zhao Jun.Log normalization by two "virtual" marker bed [J].Well Logging Technology,1996,20(5):345-350.
[17] 邓宏文.美国层序地层研究中的新学派:高分辨率层序地层学[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16(2): 89-97. Deng Hongwe.A new school of thought in sequence stratigrap-hic studies in US: High-resolution sequence stratigraphy[J].Oil & Gas geology,1995,16(2): 89-97.
[18] 李凤杰,王多云,郑希民.测井曲线频谱分析在含煤地层沉积旋回研究中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2003,31(6):14-17. Li Fengjie,Wang Duoyun,Zheng XiminM.The application of frequency spectral analysis of logging curves on sedimentary cycle studies in coal-bearing strata [J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2003,31(6):14-17.
[19] 毛凯楠,解习农,徐伟,等.基于米兰科维奇理论的高频旋回识别与划分—以琼东南盆地梅山组和三亚组地层为例[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(6):641-647. Mao Kainan,Xie Xinong,Xu Wei,et al.Identification and division of high frequency cycles based on Milakovitch theory:A case study on Miocene Sanya and Meishan Formations in Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2012,34(6):641-647.
[20] 赵伟,姜在兴,邱隆伟,等.小波分析划分层序单元的地质学理论基础、方法与应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(4):436-441. Zhao Wer,Jiang Zaixing,Qiu Longwei,et al.Geological concept,method and application of sequence unit identification through wavelet analysis[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2010,31(4):436-441.
[21] 王云专,王润秋.信号分析与处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006. Wang Yunzhuan,Wang Runqiu.Signal analysis and process [M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006.
[22] Doveton J H,Bornemann E.Log normalization by trend surface analysis[J].The Log Analyst,1981,22(4):3-9.
[23] 赖泽武,张一伟,熊琦华,等.具有趋势的克里格方法在测井资料数据标准化中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(1):91-94. Lai Zhewu,Zhang Yiwei,Xiong Qihua,et al.Application of Kriging method with trend to normalization of well logging data[J].Petroleum exploration and development,1999,26(1):91-94.
[24] 谢春临,陈树民,姜传金,等.趋势面分析与相干体技术在火山岩预测中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):368-373. Xie Chunlin,Chen Shumin,Jiang Chuanjin,et al.Application of method combining trend surface analysis and coherence cube technology to volcanic prediction[J].Chinese J.Geophys(in Chinese),2011,54(2):368-373.