石油与天然气地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 846-856.doi: 10.11743/ogg20230404

• 油气地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

松辽盆地白垩系青山口组页岩层系非均质地质特征与页岩油甜点评价

白斌1,2(), 戴朝成3, 侯秀林1, 杨亮4, 王瑞2,5, 王岚1, 孟思炜1,2, 董若婧1, 刘羽汐1   

  1. 1.中国石油 勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
    2.多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室, 黑龙江 大庆 163453
    3.东华理工大学 地球科学学院, 江西 南昌 330000
    4.中国石油 吉林油田公司 勘探开发研究院, 吉林 松原 138099
    5.中国石油 大庆油田公司, 黑龙江 大庆 163453
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-16 修回日期:2023-06-28 出版日期:2023-08-01 发布日期:2023-08-09
  • 第一作者简介:白斌(1981—),男,博士、高级工程师,致密油/页岩油形成条件与甜点评价。E?mail: baibin81@petrochina.com.cn
  • 基金项目:
    黑龙江省揭榜挂帅项目(RIPED-2022-JS-1740);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术项目(2021-DJ2203)

Geological heterogeneity of shale sequence and evaluation of shale oil sweet spots in the Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin

Bin BAI1,2(), Chaocheng DAI3, Xiulin HOU1, Liang YANG4, Rui WANG2,5, Lan WANG1, Siwei Meng1,2, Ruojing DONG1, Yuxi LIU1   

  1. 1.Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China
    2.National Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil,PetroChina,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163453,China
    3.School of Earth Sciences,East China University of Technology,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330000,China
    4.Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Jilin Oilfield Company,CNPC,Songyuan,Jilin 138099,China
    5.Daqing Oilfield Co. Ltd. ,PetroChina,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163453,China
  • Received:2023-03-16 Revised:2023-06-28 Online:2023-08-01 Published:2023-08-09

摘要:

松辽盆地白垩系青山口组湖相沉积发育规模富有机质页岩,古页油平1井实现了深湖区古龙页岩油勘探突破。为进一步精细评价湖盆不同相带页岩层系地质特征,明确陆相湖盆页岩油甜点特征,按青山口组页岩形成环境差异,开展湖盆不同相带页岩层系地质特征非均质性研究。淡水湖盆不同相带页岩层系存在富有机质(总有机碳含量TOC>3 %)纹层状黏土(质)页岩、纹层状黏土(质)页岩、长英(质)页岩、纹层状介壳页岩、块状泥岩、灰岩和白云岩7种类型,分别评价生烃与滞留烃总量差异及烃类流动性、储集性、可压性和产油能力差异,据此提出页岩油资源甜点与工程甜点。根据TOCS1(热解烃含量)将青山口组页岩资源甜点划分为Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ类,其中Ⅰ类资源甜点TOC大于3.0 %,S1大于4.0 mg/g;Ⅱ类资源甜点TOC在1.5 %~3.0 %,S1在1.0~4.0 mg/g;Ⅲ类资源甜点TOC小于1.5 %,S1小于1.0 mg/g。半深湖-深湖相页岩多为Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类资源甜点,滨浅湖相页岩则以Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类资源甜点为主。通过不同相带岩相含油性、渗流性、可压性、源岩特性和物性等因素分析,优选松辽盆地青山口组页岩油主力靶体。

关键词: 资源甜点, 工程甜点, 富有机质页岩, 古龙页岩油, 青山口组, 陆相湖盆, 松辽盆地

Abstract:

The lacustrine sediment of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin is rich in organic shale, and the well Guye 1 has achieved a breakthrough in oil exploration of Gulong shale of deep lake facies. To further evaluate the geological characteristics of the shale sequence in different facies zones of the lacustrine basin and evaluate the characteristics of shale oil sweet spots in the continental lacustrine basin, we study the geological heterogeneity of shale sequences in different facies zones of the lacustrine basin regarding the environmental difference for lacustrine shale formation in the Qingshankou Formation. It is suggested that the shale sequences deposited in the freshwater lacustrine basin can be divided into seven types according to lithofacies, namely the organic-rich lamellar clayey shale (TOC>3 %), lamellar clayey shale, felsic shale, lamellar shell shale, massive mudstone, limestone and dolomite respectively, which are evaluated in terms of total hydrocarbon generated and retained, hydrocarbon mobility, reservoir property, compressibility and oil production capacity. The geological and engineering sweet spots of shale oil are thereby proposed. Based on the contents of TOC and S1 (pyrolysis hydrocarbon content), we group the geological sweet spots of the Qingshankou Formation shale into TypeⅠ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ. The TypeⅠ sweet spot is generally characterized by TOC content greater than 3 % and S1 greater than 4 mg/g; the Type Ⅱ by TOC content ranging between 1.5 % and 3 %, and S1 between 1.0 and 4 mg/g; the Type Ⅲ by TOC content less than 1.5 % and S1 less than 1.0 mg/g. The semi-deep lacustrine and deep lacustrine facies are dominated by sweet spots of TypeⅠ and Ⅱ, while the shales of shallow lacustrine facies by sweet spots of Type Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The Qingshankou Formation shale in Songliao Basin is selected as the major oil pay zone after a comprehensive analysis of the oil-bearing property, percolation coefficient, compressibility, characteristics of source rocks and physical properties of different facies zones.

Key words: geological sweet spot, engineering sweet spot, organic-rich shale, Gulong shale oil, Qingshankou Formation, continental lacustrine basin, Songliao Basin

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