基于原位溶蚀模拟实验的四川盆地二叠系栖霞组-茅口组白云岩孔隙演化

doi:10.11743/ogg20210315

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用水热金刚石压腔装置结合激光拉曼光谱和光学显微镜设备，实现了碳酸盐矿物/岩石-流体的原位模拟实验。结合四川盆地实际地质条件，针对栖霞组-茅口组白云岩进行了封闭-开放-封闭的连续变化体系原位模拟实验，通过乙酸酐的水解实现了封闭压腔内乙酸的原位生成。实验结果表明，封闭体系-阶段性开放体系中，碳酸盐岩样品边缘及解理处发生溶蚀，溶蚀规模与酸性流体通量有关。进入封闭体系后，溶液离子相对浓度的拉曼半定量结果显示趋于沉淀方向。实验结果结合四川盆地二叠系实际地质条件，表明川西南地区栖霞组-茅口组中粗晶白云岩晶间孔-晶间溶孔的演化符合实验模拟的封闭-开放-封闭体系，构造断裂与酸性流体对离子的搬运作用对体系内的孔隙和物质实现了溶蚀-胶结的再分配。

关键词: 水热金刚石压腔, 原位模拟, 孔隙演化, 白云岩, 栖霞组-茅口组, 四川盆地

Abstract:

A hydrothermal diamond anvil cell (HDAC) equipped with a laser raman spectroscopy (LRS) and an optical microscope was used in an in-situ simulation experiment of dissolution-precipitation process between carbonate minerals (rocks) and pore fluid under continuous closed-open-closed cell (system) conditions that are typical of a deep burial process.In line with the actual geological conditions, the experiment was carried out on the Qixia-Maokou Formations dolomite samples from the Sichuan Basin and successfully generated acetic acid in closed cell through hydrolysis of acetic anhydride.The results show that dissolution occurs at the edge and cleavage of carbonate rock samples in a closed but periodically open system, and that the dissolution range is related to acid fluid flux.After entering the closed system, the relative ion concentration of solution was measured with the (semi-quantitative) Raman spectroscopy and indicates a precipitation tendency.The experimental results and the actual geological conditions of the Permian in the Sichuan Basin jointly indicate that the evolution of intergranular pores and intergranular dissolution pores of coarse-grained dolomites in the Qixia-Maokou Formations in southwestern Sichuan Basin conforms to the experimental simulation result and that transportation of ions in acidic fluids through tectonic fractures facilitates the redistribution of pores and materials through dissolution-cementation in the system.

Key words: Hydrothermal Diamond Anvil Cell (HDAC), in-situ simulation, pore evolution, dolomite, Qixia-Maokou Formations, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.3

刘诗琦,陈森然,刘波,等. 基于原位溶蚀模拟实验的四川盆地二叠系栖霞组-茅口组白云岩孔隙演化[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(3): 702-716. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210315 Shiqi Liu,Senran Chen,Bo Liu,et al. Pore evolution of the Permian Qixia-Maokou Formations dolomite in Sichuan Basin based on in-situ dissolution simulation experiment[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(3): 702-716. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210315

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样品编号	样品剖面位置	层位	岩性	流体成分	流体通量	温度/℃	压力/MPa
A	标准矿物	—	白云石	乙酸酐	不足	20~300	0~100
B	标准矿物	—	白云石	乙酸酐	适量	20~300	0~100
C	标准矿物	—	白云石	乙酸酐	过量	20~300	0~100
XBX-1-2	广元西北乡剖面	P₁q	粉晶白云岩	乙酸酐	不足	20~200	0~100
ZC-6	洪雅张村剖面	P₁m	残余颗粒白云岩	乙酸酐	不足	20~200	0~100
XJG-5	甘洛新基姑剖面	P₁q	中粗晶白云岩	乙酸酐	适量	20~300	0~100
LMH-1	落木河剖面	P₁q	残余生屑灰质粉晶白云岩	乙酸酐	过量	20~200	0~100

干酪根类型	实验热解生成有机酸类型及产率/%
干酪根类型	乙酸	草酸
Ⅰ型	2.17	0.24
Ⅱ型	2.01	0.15
Ⅲ型	0.53	—

模拟地层深度/km	白云石A				白云石B			白云石C
模拟地层深度/km	温度/℃	压力/MPa	温度/℃		压力/MPa		温度/℃	压力/MPa
0	20	79			20	52		20	186
2	60	81			60	117		60	243
4	100	177			100	151		100	311
6	140	236			140	262		140	385
8	180	393			180	336		180	445
10	220	460			220	373		220	537
12	260	496			260	420		260	641
14	300	648			300	471		300	693
模拟地层深度/km	XBX-1-2		ZC-6			XJG-5		LMH-1
模拟地层深度/km	温度/℃	压力/MPa	温度/℃	压力/MPa		温度/℃	压力/MPa	温度/℃	压力/MPa
0	20	0.1	20	0.1		20	0.1	20	449
1	40	0.1	40	—		40	0.1	40	414
2	60	0.1	60	3		60	0.1	60	389
3	80	—	80	10		80	—	80	—
4	100	44	100	16		100	43	100	375
5	120	77	120	23		120	—	120	—
6	140	114	140	34		140	93	140	467
7	160	151	160	56		160	—	160	526
8	180	191	180	82		180	124	180	—
9	200	231	200	105		200	190	200	—

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