石油与天然气地质 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 1459-1465.doi: 10.11743/ogg20220614

• 方法技术 • 上一篇    

缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏开发技术的认识与思考

计秉玉(), 郑松青, 顾浩   

  1. 中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院,北京 102206
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-01 修回日期:2022-09-16 出版日期:2022-12-01 发布日期:2022-11-21
  • 第一作者简介:计秉玉(1963—),男, 博士、教授级高级工程师,油气田开发。E?mail: jiby.syky@sinopec.com
  • 基金项目:
    国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05014)

On the development technology of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs:A case study on Tahe oilfield and Shunbei oil and gas field

Bingyu Ji(), Songqing Zheng, Hao Gu   

  1. Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 102206,China
  • Received:2022-04-01 Revised:2022-09-16 Online:2022-12-01 Published:2022-11-21

摘要:

塔里木盆地缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏是油田开发面临的新的油藏类型,存在产量递减快、采收率低和储量动用率低等问题。剖析了中国石化塔河油田和顺北油气田缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏地质特征及开发面临的挑战,系统总结了中国石化在缝洞型油藏描述、开发建产和提高采收率等方面的技术进展,针对塔河油田和顺北油气田的不同开发阶段,提出了下一步技术攻关建议。缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏经过多期构造运动、岩溶作用和油气充注,储集体非均质性极强,油、气、水分布复杂,给油藏描述、地质建模、储量评价、效益建产、注水-注气、钻井工程、酸压改造、井筒举升等带来一系列挑战。经过20年的开发实践,中国石化西北油田形成了基于地球物理的体积雕刻、断裂精细解析和岩溶系统表征技术,以及基于岩溶相控的地质建模、靶向酸压和注水-注气提高采收率等技术。为实现顺北油气田高效开发,需进一步开展基于断裂解析的成藏特征研究以及基于地球物理雕刻的储集体相控地质建模、流体相态特征及高压物性、油藏组分数值模拟、油藏地质力学与数值模拟耦合、油气藏与举升一体化模拟、井位优选和钻井轨迹优化等工作。为实现塔河油田大幅提高采收率目标,需进一步开展缝洞结构描述、岩溶成因系统研究、储量动用评价、注水-注气机理及规律研究、缝洞井节点网络模拟和动态监测系统研究等工作。

关键词: 油藏描述, 地质建模, 提高采收率, 缝洞型油藏, 塔河油田, 顺北油气田, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

The new-type fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin feature rapid decline in production, low oil recovery and low producing/proved reserve ratio in oilfield development. The study discusses in-depth the geological characteristics and challenges faced in oilfield development in the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs of Tahe and Shunbei oilfields, Sinopec, and systematically summarizes the technical progress Sinopec has made in reservoir characterization, oilfield development, production capacity construction and EOR. Meanwhile, suggestions on the future technology researches are put forward targeting different stages of oilfield development. The fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs having undergone multiple stages of tectonic movement, karstification and hydrocarbon charging are characterized by strong heterogeneity and complex oil, gas and water distribution, which bring multiple challenges to reservoir characterization, geological modeling, reserve evaluation, economic production capacity construction, water and gas injection, drilling engineering, acid fracturing, gas lifting and so on. After 20-year development practice, Sinopec Northwest oilfield has developed technologies for volume characterization, fine fault interpretation, karst system characterization based on geophysics, for geological modeling under karst facies constraint, and for targeted acid fracturing and enhancing oil recovery via water/gas injection. To achieve efficient development of Shunbei oilfield, it is necessary to study hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics based on fault analysis, facies-constrained geological modeling based on geophysical analysis, fluid phase behaviors and oil properties at high pressure, composition numerical simulation of reservoirs, coupling of reservoir geomechanics and numerical reservoir simulation, integrated simulation of reservoir and gas lifting, optimization of well location and drilling trajectory, and so on. To achieve the goal of greatly improving oil recovery in Tahe oilfield, it is necessary to further carry out researches on fracture-vug architecture description, karst genetic system, producing reserve estimation, mechanism and law of water/gas injection, network simulation with fracture, vug and well as nodes, and dynamic monitoring system.

Key words: reservoir characterization, geological modeling, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), fractured-vuggy reservoir, Tahe oilfield, Shunbei oil and gas field, Tarim Basin

中图分类号: