石油与天然气地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 801-819.doi: 10.11743/ogg20230401

• 油气地质 •    下一篇

中国陆相页岩油分类及其意义

金之钧1,2,3(), 张谦1,2, 朱如凯4, 董琳2, 付金华5, 刘惠民6, 云露7, 刘国勇8, 黎茂稳3, 赵贤正9, 王小军10, 胡素云4, 唐勇8, 白振瑞3, 孙冬胜3, 李晓光11   

  1. 1.北京大学 能源研究院,北京 100871
    2.北京大学 地球与空间科学学院,北京 100871
    3.中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院,北京 102206
    4.中国石油 勘探开发研究院,北京 100083
    5.中国石油 长庆油田公司,陕西 西安 710018
    6.中国石化 胜利油田公司,山东 东营 257001
    7.中国石化 华东油气分公司,江苏 南京 210019
    8.中国石油 新疆油田公司,新疆 克拉玛依 834099
    9.中国石油 大港油田公司,天津 300280
    10.中国石油 大庆油田有限责任公司,黑龙江 大庆 163458
    11.中国石油 辽河油田分公司,辽宁 盘锦 124099
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-30 修回日期:2023-07-20 出版日期:2023-08-01 发布日期:2023-08-09
  • 第一作者简介:金之钧(1957—),男,教授、中国科学院院士,石油地质理论和能源战略研究。E-mail:jinzj1957@pku.edu.cn
  • 基金项目:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42090020)

Classification of lacustrine shale oil reservoirs in China and its significance

Zhijun JIN1,2,3(), Qian ZHANG1,2, Rukai ZHU4, Lin DONG2, Jinhua FU5, Huimin LIU6, Lu YUN7, Guoyong LIU8, Maowen LI3, Xianzheng ZHAO9, Xiaojun WANG10, Suyun HU4, Yong TANG8, Zhenrui BAI3, Dongsheng SUN3, Xiaoguang LI11   

  1. 1.Institute of Energy,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
    2.School of Earth and Space Science,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
    3.SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,Beijing 102206,China
    4.PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development,Beijing 100083,China
    5.PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710018,China
    6.PetroChina Shengli Oilfield Company,Dongying,Shandong 257001,China
    7.SINOPEC East China Oil & Gas Company,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019,China
    8.PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay,Xinjiang 834099,China
    9.PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company,Tianjin 300280,China
    10.PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163458,China
    11.PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield Company,Panjin,Liaoning 124099,China
  • Received:2023-06-30 Revised:2023-07-20 Online:2023-08-01 Published:2023-08-09

摘要:

中国陆相页岩油资源潜力巨大,是中国常规油气的重要战略接替资源。然而,陆相页岩油研究基础薄弱、成因和富集机理不清、“甜点”评价难度较大且标准不一,严重制约着这些资源的开发利用。基于前人研究成果,立足于勘探开发实际,建立了一套简化的陆相页岩油分类评价标准。依据页岩油储集岩石类型和赋存空间,将其分为夹层型、裂缝型和纯页岩型,重点讨论了纯页岩型页岩油。依据纯页岩型页岩油的沉积构造,将其划分为纹层状、层状和块状页岩油。划分方案中未将岩石颗粒粒径作为划分页岩油类型的参数,但保留了传统矿物三端元大类及混合类,去除了进一步细分的亚类。同时,用岩石热解滞留烃含量(S1)代替了有机质丰度和成熟度指标,将页岩油划分为低含油、中等含油和高含油3类。另外,将地层压力系数小于0.8划分为异常低压、0.8 ~ 1.2划分为正常压力、大于1.2划分为异常高压,原油黏度不参与页岩油类型划分。依据研究划分方案给出了陆相页岩油一类、二类和三类甜点的定义,并分析讨论了中国典型陆相盆地代表性页岩油地层。期望利用该页岩油分类方案,进一步明确陆相页岩油甜点评价标准、认识甜点岩石类型、预测甜点分布特征以及更加准确计算页岩油资源量,从而简化实际勘探开发工作流程进而起到更好指导生产的作用。

关键词: 压力系数, 矿物成分, 沉积构造, 滞留烃S1, 地质甜点, 资源评价, 陆相页岩油

Abstract:

China has significant potential for the exploration of lacustrine shale oil, which serves as an important alternative resource for conventional oil and gas. However, the development and recovery of lacustrine shale oil face significant constraints due to the lack of fundamental research, unclear mechanisms of its formation and accumulation, and the absence of standardized criteria for evaluating “sweet spots”. To address these issues, the authors proposed a set of simplified standards for lacustrine shale oil classification, taking into account previous research and the practical conditions of exploration and development. Based on the storage space and type of reservoir rocks, shale oil reservoirs are commonly classified into three major types, namely interbedded sand-shale, fractured shale, and pure shale, with the last type being taken as the focus of discussion in this paper. The pure shale type can be classified into laminated, bedded and massive shale oil reservoirs based on the sedimentary structure. Although the grain size was not taken as one of the parameters for shale oil classification, we kept the traditional three terminal element category and mixed category of minerals, and removed further subdivided subcategories; the Rock-Eval S1 was used instead of TOC and Ro to divide shale oil reservoirs into three types: low oil content, medium oil content and high oil content; the formation pressure coefficient less than 0.8 is defined as abnormally low pressure, 0.8 ~ 1.2 is classified as normal pressure, and greater than 1.2 is classified as abnormally high pressure; the crude oil viscosity is not involved in the classification of shale oil reservoir types. In addition, this study designated type Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ sweet spots, and discussed the representative types of shale oil reservoirs in typical continental basins in China. This paper enhances our understanding of the assessment standards, the type of rocks and the distribution of “sweet spots” in shale oil reservoirs. As a result, this research contributes to the advancement of shale oil exploration and development, providing valuable insights for future endeavors in this field.

Key words: pressure coefficient, mineralogical composition, sedimentary structure, residual hydrocarbon S1, geologic sweet spot, resource assessment, lacustrine shale oil

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