考虑压力作用的镜质体反射率动力学模型

doi:10.11743/ogg20120501

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据现有的实验资料和钻井数据,认为压力对有机质演化过程的影响不能用统一模型来概括,必须区别对待。当地层处于正常压力条件下,有机化学反应符合一级反应动力学原理。当地层处于超压条件下,这时的地层可以看作一个半封闭体系,有机质生成的烃类不能被及时地排出,随着生成物浓度的增大,最终化学反应达到平衡。这时,压力对有机质演化程度的影响是通过影响化学平衡的移动而实现的,并不改变化学反应的频率因子。因此,超压条件下的有机质演化模型反应了温度和压力对化学平衡移动影响的结果。故影响有机质演化的仍然是压力本身,并不是超压,超压只是提供了一个半封闭的化学反应系统,而压力通过对系统中化学平衡移动的控制来影响有机质的热演化过程。将上述模型用于实际含油气盆地中,模拟单井中的有机质演化规律,并和实测的有机质成熟度数据进行比较发现,文中提出的模型的模拟结果和实际有机质演化结果相一致,说明了该模型可以用于实际盆地中有机质演化规律的预测。

关键词: 压力, 温度, 化学平衡, 镜质体反射率, 有机质热演化模型

Abstract:

Available lab and drilling data reveal that the effect of pressure upon the evolution of organic matter could not be fully described with a general model.In formations under normal pressure,organic chemical reactions follow the first-order reaction kinetics.In contrast,formations under overpressure act as semi-closed systems,in which the hydrocarbons generated from organic matter could not be expulsed in time and a chemical equilibrium is eventually reached when the amount of reaction product increases to a critical state.The pressure exerts its influence upon the evolution of organic matter through affecting the shifting of chemical equilibrium instead of changing the frequency factor of the chemical reaction.Therefore,organic matter evolution under overpressure is the result of temperature and pressure affecting the shift of chemical equilibrium.What can be derived from this observation is that it is pressure itself that does the works not the overpressure.What the overpressure does is to provide a semi-closed system for chemical reactions.Formation pressure controls the shift of chemical equilibrium to manipulate the thermal evolution of organic matters.The new model then was applied to actual petroliferous basins to simulate the evolution pattern of organic matter in a single well.A comparison of the modeled results with the real maturity data reveals that the model matches well with the real evolution of organic matter,confirming the effectiveness of the model.

Key words: pressure, temperature, chemical equilibrium, vitrinite reflectance, thermal evolution model of organic matter

中图分类号:

TE121.1

周波,云金表. 考虑压力作用的镜质体反射率动力学模型[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2012, 33(5): 661-669. doi: 10.11743/ogg20120501 Zhou Bo,Yun Jinbiao. A vitrinite reflectance kinetic model with the effect of pressure integrated[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2012, 33(5): 661-669. doi: 10.11743/ogg20120501

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