四川盆地川西坳陷新场须家河组二段致密砂岩储层裂缝发育特征及主控因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20210410

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

四川盆地川西坳陷新场须家河组二段（须二段）砂岩储层具有埋藏深、致密的特点，天然裂缝的发育对储层至关重要。通过地表露头调查、岩心观察、常规测井和成像测井解释等手段分析新场须二段气藏天然裂缝的发育特征，认为须二段储层裂缝可划分为网状缝、立缝、高角度缝、斜缝、低角度缝和平缝，以低角度缝和斜缝为主；裂缝主要发育在新场构造带中东部地区的须二段中、上亚段，走向主要为NE-SW向、NW-SE向和EW向，以EW向晚期构造裂缝最发育，并与区内现今最大主应力方向一致。基于裂缝参数与产能参数交会分析，明确不同类型裂缝对产能的贡献度，认为新场须二段气藏有效裂缝为倾角大于30°的构造裂缝（立缝、高角度缝和斜缝）。区内有效裂缝的发育受控于断裂、构造变形、岩石粒度、岩石成分和岩层厚度等多方面因素，但距离晚期SN向逆断层的距离是须二段天然构造裂缝发育的关键控制因素，其次是构造变形及构造组合样式。距离晚期SN向逆断层上盘200 m范围内的褶皱发育区可作为新场地区今后裂缝预测、评价及天然气开发的重点区域。

关键词: 逆冲断层, 构造裂缝, 致密砂岩储层, 须家河组, 新场气田, 川西坳陷, 四川盆地

Abstract:

The sandstone reservoirs in the 2^nd member of Xujiahe Formation (hereafter referred to as Xu 2 Member) in Xinchang area, Western Sichuan Depression, are characterized by deep burial depth and tightness, to which the natural fractures are critical. An integration of outcrop survey, core description, conventional and imaging logging interpretation is applied to analyze the development characteristics of natural fractures in the gas reservoirs therein. It is believed that these fractures can be categorized as network fractures, vertical fractures, high dip angle fractures, horizontal fractures, oblique fractures, and low dip angle fractures, with the last two in the dominant position. Mainly developed in the middle and upper submembers of Xu 2 Member in central and eastern Xinchang tectonic belt, these fractures generally trend NE-SW, NW-SE and EW, basically consistent with that of the present maximum principal stress within, with the EW-striking structural fractures in the late period the most developed. On the other hand, the cross-plotting analysis of fracture and productivity parameters, serves to clarify the contribution of different types of fractures to productivity, and the results show that the effective fractures in the Xu 2 Member gas pool are structural ones with a dip angle of over 30° (namely, vertical, high dip angle and oblique fractures). The development of effective fractures in the study area is controlled by many factors, including faulting, tectonic deformation, grain size, rock composition, and stratum thickness, etc., and the distance from the late SN-striking reverse fault is the most critical factor controlling the development of natural structural fractures, followed by structural deformation and structural pattern in combination. In conclusion, the area with well-developed folds and within 200 m away from the hanging wall of the late SN-striking reverse fault can be regarded as a key zone for future fracture prediction, evaluation and natural gas development in Xinchang area.

Key words: thrusting fault, structural fracture, tight sandstone reservoir, Xujiahe Formation, Xinchang gas field, Western Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

李王鹏,刘忠群,胡宗全,等. 四川盆地川西坳陷新场须家河组二段致密砂岩储层裂缝发育特征及主控因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(4): 884-897, 1010. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210410 Wangpeng Li,Zhongqun Liu,Zongquan Hu,et al. Characteristics of and main factors controlling the tight sandstone reservoir fractures in the 2^nd member of Xujiahe Formation in Xinchang area, Western Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(4): 884-897, 1010. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210410

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砂组	岩心长度/m	裂缝数/条						井名
砂组	岩心长度/m	平缝	低角度缝	斜缝	高角度缝	立缝	合计	井名
Tx²⁽²⁾	76.96	127	63	87	3	12	292	川孝560、新11、新201、新3、新5、新场6
Tx²⁽³⁾	24.00	22	7	25	5	4	63	新201、新场7
Tx²⁽⁴⁾	100.43	933	285	34	4	28	1284	新10、新101、新201、新203、新3、新5、新场8
Tx²⁽⁵⁾	28.88	468	14	0	0	11	493	新10、新101、新11、新5
Tx²⁽⁶⁾	29.25	270	72	121	0	0	463	新11、新场6、新场7
Tx²⁽⁷⁾	44.47	250	92	65	0	2	409	新203、新场501、新场7、新场8
合计	303.99	2070	533	332	12	57	3 004

成像砂组	立缝		高角度缝		斜缝		低角度缝		平缝
成像砂组	平均密度/(条·m^-1)	平均开度/mm	平均密度/(条·m^-1)	平均开度/mm	平均密度/(条·m^-1)	平均开度/mm	平均密度/(条·m^-1)	平均开度/mm	平均密度/(条·m^-1)	平均开度/mm
Tx²⁽²⁾	0.036 2	0.052 694 8	0.066 8	0.058 021 1	0.106 5	0.054 425 7	0.155 2	0.084 190 4	0.060 6	0.067 899 4
Tx²⁽³⁾	0.023 5	0.058 872 7	0.028 1	0.042 386 0	0.064 4	0.046 529 4	0.093 0	0.057 648 3	0.075 3	0.054 887 5
Tx²⁽⁴⁾	0.045 2	0.021 759 5	0.043 7	0.048 395 3	0.106 7	0.061 750 0	0.136 5	0.096 425 2	0.098 1	0.074 183 4
Tx²⁽⁵⁾	0.098 1	0.056 820 5	0.128 1	0.068 631 6	0.132 8	0.084 695 8	0.130 7	0.167 639 3	0.093 0	0.135 810 2
Tx²⁽⁶⁾	—	—	0.070 9	0.036 793 2	0.109 4	0.090 508 8	0.118 9	0.077 069 7	0.065 0	0.051 056 3
Tx²⁽⁷⁾	0.012 0	0.010 925 5	0.055 5	0.035 574 6	0.056 7	0.026 258 6	0.049 3	0.176 307 3	0.058 4	0.225 437 5
Tx²⁽⁸⁾	—	—	0.016 9	0.008 121 3	0.041 5	0.020 390 2	0.068 5	0.082 204 1	0.031 5	0.046 203 8
平均	0.043 0	0.040 214 6	0.058 6	0.042 560 4	0.088 3	0.054 936 9	0.107 5	0.105 926 3	0.068 8	0.093 639 7

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