石油与天然气地质 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 1194-1205.doi: 10.11743/ogg20220515
马克1,2(), 侯加根1(), 董虎2, 吴国强2, 闫林3, 张丽薇2
收稿日期:
2021-12-29
修回日期:
2022-07-12
出版日期:
2022-10-01
发布日期:
2022-09-02
通讯作者:
侯加根
E-mail:k.ma@irocktech.com;houjg63@cup.edu.cn
第一作者简介:
马克(1988—),男,博士、工程师,油气田开发地质。E?mail: 基金项目:
Ke Ma1,2(), Jiagen Hou1(), Hu Dong2, Guoqiang Wu2, Lin Yan3, Liwei Zhang2
Received:
2021-12-29
Revised:
2022-07-12
Online:
2022-10-01
Published:
2022-09-02
Contact:
Jiagen Hou
E-mail:k.ma@irocktech.com;houjg63@cup.edu.cn
摘要:
准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组页岩油勘探近年来取得重大突破,使得这套储层成为陆相页岩油勘探开发的重要目标。综合运用铸体薄片、微量元素、扫描电镜、微米CT、纳米CT及多种压汞实验数据,研究了芦草沟组咸化湖混合细粒沉积复杂岩性内部孔喉结构及其对储层物性的影响。研究结果表明:芦草沟组白云质粉砂岩、粉砂质白云岩及砂屑白云岩构成了甜点体的优势岩性,微纳米级孔喉系统占据了储集空间主体,孔喉半径在数百微米至数十纳米的区间内连续分布;微米至亚微米级喉道对渗透率贡献最大,主流喉道半径区间为0.25~0.63 μm。微纳米级孔喉结构控制了储层的渗透性及含油性,优势岩性峰值孔喉半径大、分布范围宽,喉道半径分布区间、主流喉道半径及有效喉道体积是控制储层渗透率的关键因素。这些认识为储层油气充注预测及优势沉积相带内井位部署提供了重要的地质支撑。
中图分类号:
表1
吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组主要岩性典型样品物性及压汞参数统计"
地层 | 岩性 | 样品号 | 孔隙度/% | 渗透率/(10-3μm2) | 主要矿物含量/% | 最大连通孔喉 半径/μm | 中值半径/ μm | 排驱压力/ MPa | 退汞效率/ % | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
白云石 | 石英+长石 | |||||||||
上甜 点体 | 白云质粉砂岩 | DS-1 | 17.4 | 1.100 | 23.7 | 62.5 | 0.519 | 0.112 | 1.323 | 30.190 |
DS-2 | 6.9 | 0.015 | 18.9 | 74.8 | 0.233 | 0.077 | 3.822 | 22.003 | ||
粉砂质白云岩 | SD-1 | 15.1 | 0.113 | 71.3 | 17.6 | 0.870 | 0.106 | 2.104 | 27.148 | |
SD-2 | 12.7 | 0.023 | 65.8 | 22.1 | 0.359 | 0.063 | 2.566 | 25.332 | ||
砂屑白云岩 | D-1 | 7.1 | 0.017 | 89.6 | 7.8 | 0.753 | 0.055 | 3.771 | 22.969 | |
下甜 点体 | 白云质粉砂岩 | DS-3 | 8.3 | 0.011 | 16.5 | 67.7 | 0.464 | 0.071 | 3.655 | 23.010 |
DS-4 | 4.1 | 0.008 | 26.9 | 62.8 | 0.257 | 0.051 | 4.126 | 20.202 |
图3
吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组白云质粉砂岩、粉砂质白云岩和砂屑白云岩的高压压汞及恒速压汞曲线分布特征a.3种岩性的高压压汞曲线,白云质粉砂岩,吉251井,3 609.67m, 粉砂质白云岩,吉174井,埋深3 128.81m, 砂屑白云岩,吉174井,埋深3 121.77m; b.白云质粉砂岩恒速压汞曲线,吉31井,埋深2 846.29 m,孔隙度12.28 %,渗透率0.060 × 10-3 μm2;c.粉砂质白云岩恒速压汞曲线,吉31井,埋深2 724.16 m,孔隙度6.59 %,渗透率26.269×10-3 μm2; d.砂屑白云岩恒速压汞曲线,吉251井,埋深3 618.88 m,孔隙度8.50 %,渗透率0.074 × 10-3 μm2"
图4
吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油储层孔隙类型微观照片a.白云质粉砂岩,吉174井,埋深3 143.30 m,溶蚀孔及残余粒间孔,铸体薄片; b.白云质粉砂岩突变为粉砂质白云岩,吉174井,埋深3 143.82 m,铸体薄片; c.粉砂质白云岩,吉174井,埋深3 121.68 m,晶间孔与溶蚀孔,铸体薄片; d.粉砂质泥晶云岩,吉174井,埋深3 149.46 m,颗粒溶蚀孔,铸体薄片; e.粉砂质白云岩,吉174井,埋深3 276.61 m,粒间孔与溶蚀孔,铸体薄片; f.白云质粉砂岩,吉174井,埋深3 282.14 m,粒间孔与溶蚀孔,铸体薄片; g.白云质粉砂岩,吉174井,埋深3 139.70 m,泥-粉晶白云石颗粒间溶蚀孔隙,扫描电镜; h.白云质粉砂岩,吉174井,埋深3 161.75 m,微米级粒间孔与溶蚀孔构成孔喉系统,扫描电镜,放大倍数×1 950; i.泥晶白云岩,吉174井,埋深3 177.42 m,微米级白云石颗粒晶间孔发育,扫描电镜; j.粉砂质白云岩,吉31井,埋深2 725.54 m,残余粒间孔与颗粒间溶蚀孔构成复合孔,扫描电镜; k.粉砂质白云岩,吉251井,埋深3 598.22 m,未被充填微裂缝,铸体薄片; l.粉砂质白云岩,吉174井,埋深3 146.54 m,白云石微米级晶间微裂缝,扫描电镜"
图7
吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组孔喉结构与储层物性关系a.纳米CT平均喉道半径与渗透率交会图; b.不同岩性样品喉道分布,样品1白云质粉砂岩,孔隙度为17.400 %,渗透率为1.100 × 10-3 μm2,样品2白云质粉砂岩,孔隙度为6.900 %,渗透率为0.015 × 10-3 μm2,样品3白云质粉砂岩,孔隙度4.100 %,渗透率小于0.010 × 10-3 μm2,样品4粉砂质白云岩,孔隙度15.100 %,渗透率0.133×10-3μm2,样品5砂屑白云岩,孔隙度12.700 %,渗透率0.022×10-3μm2; c.白云质粉砂岩孔喉渗透率贡献曲线,吉37井,埋深2 843.65 m,孔隙度12.281 %,渗透率0.060 × 10-3 μm2; d.白云质粉砂岩孔喉渗透率贡献曲线,吉32井,埋深3 567.31 m,孔隙度12.600 %,渗透率0.168 × 10-3 μm2; e.粉砂质白云岩孔喉渗透率贡献曲线,吉31井,埋深2 896.65 m,孔隙度5.420 %,渗透率0.003 × 10-3 μm2"
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