低渗孔隙型碳酸盐岩稠油油藏开发对策——以叙利亚O油田为例

doi:10.11743/ogg20150215

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 叙利亚O油田SH_B油藏为典型的低渗孔隙型块状碳酸盐岩稠油油藏，因“低渗、油稠”等突出特点，在现行的井网和开采方式下油藏开发效果差，主要表现为“三低”，即储量动用程度低、单井产量低和油藏采收率低，尚无一套经济有效、可实施的开发方案。目前，低渗稠油油藏开发在国内外没有成功案例，也没有成熟技术及经验可借鉴，如何经济有效开发属世界级难题。为此，以“提高开发效益，实现有效开发”为目标，针对低渗稠油油藏面临的“三低”问题，应用油藏工程方法、数值模拟和经济评价技术，系统开展了开发方式、井型井网井距、水平段长度及水平井热采参数等优化研究，形成了低渗碳酸盐岩稠油油藏开发对策研究方法，针对性地提出了SH_B油藏的开发对策。优化确定的油藏开发技术对策为开发方案编制奠定了基础，也为国内外类似油藏开发提供了借鉴。

关键词: 低渗透率, 孔隙型, 稠油, 碳酸盐岩储层, 叙利亚

Abstract: Reservoir SH_B of O oilfield in Syria is atypical porous carbonate heavy oil reservoir with low-permeability.It strikingly features in low permeability and high viscosity.Under the present well patterns and development models,the development effect here is poor and it is manifested by three-low parameters:low ratio of produced reserves to proved reserves,low single well production and low recovery.No cost-effective and enforceable development plan has been proposed.Presently,there is no successful case on low-permeability heavy oil reservoir development and no mature technology and experience for reference.The development of this kind of reservoir is still a world-class challenge.In order to improve development benefits and realize effective development,reservoir engineering theories and methodologies,numerical simulation and economic evaluation techniques are used to study and optimize systematically the development models,well types,well patterns,well spacing,lateral length,and thermal recovery parameters of horizontal well.Research me-thods for developing carbonate heavy oil reservoir are suggested,and development strategy specifically for reservoir SH_B is proposed.The optimized development technical policy lays a foundation for development planning and provides a refe-rence for domestic and foreign analogous reservoirs.

Key words: low permeability, pore type, heavy oil, carbonate reservoir, Syria

中图分类号:

TE345

宋传真,刘传喜,徐婷,等. 低渗孔隙型碳酸盐岩稠油油藏开发对策——以叙利亚O油田为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2015, 36(2): 297-305. doi: 10.11743/ogg20150215 Song Chuanzhen,Liu Chuanxi,Xu Ting,et al. Development strategies for low-permeability carbonate heavy oil reservoirs:A case study from O oilfield in Syria[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(2): 297-305. doi: 10.11743/ogg20150215

参考文献

[1] 张义堂.EOR热力采油提高采收率技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006:124-207. Zhang Yitang.Thermal recovery technology for EOR[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006:124-207.
[2] 刘文章.热采稠油油藏开发模式[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998. Liu Wenzhang.The development models of heavy oil reservoir on thermal recovery[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1998.
[3] 周英杰.胜利油区水驱普通稠油油藏注蒸汽提高采收率研究与实践[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):479-483. Zhou Yingjie.Studies and practices on the steam injection EOR of water drived heavy oil reservoirs in Shengli petroliferous province [J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(4):479-483.
[4] 计秉玉.国内外油田提高采收率技术进展与展望[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33 (1):111-117. Ji Bingyu.Progress and prospects of enhanced oil recovery technologies at home and abroad[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2012,33(1):111-117.
[5] 王卫红,刘传喜,穆林,等.高含硫碳酸盐岩气藏开发技术政策优化[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(2):302-310. Wang Weihong,Liu Chuanxi,Mu Lin.Technical policy optimization for the development of carbonate sour gas reservoirs[J]. Oil & Gas Geology,2011,32(2):302-310.
[6] 曹丽丽,李涛.O油田SH-B油藏储量动用状况研究[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2012,14(3):37-38,42. Cao Lili,Li Tao.Research on the state of produced reserves in SH-B of O oilfield[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology(Natural Sciences Edition),2012,14(3):37-38,42.
[7] 程林松,韩洪宝.特低渗油藏考虑启动压力梯度的物理模拟及数值模拟方法[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2004,28(6):49-53. Cheng Linsong,Han Hongbao.Physical simulation and numerical simulation of ultra-low permeability reservoir in consideration of starting pressure gradient[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,2004,28(6):49-53.
[8] 刘尚奇,许新伟.稠油油藏水平井热采应用研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(2):65-69. Liu Shangqi,Xu Xinwei.Application of horizontal well in heavy oil reservoir[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1996,23(2):65-69.
[9] 陈民峰,赵晶,赵梦盼,等.低渗透稠油油藏储量有效动用界限研究[J].深圳大学学报理工版,2013,30(2):210-215. Chen Minfeng,Zhao Jing,Zhao Mengpan,et al.Study on limits of effective drive in low-permeability heavy-oil reservoirs[J].Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering,2013,30(2):210-215.
[10] 刘慈群,宋付权.低渗油藏中含启动压力梯度水平井生产动态[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),1999,14(3):11-14. Liu Ciqun,Song Fuquan.The performance of horizontal well with starting pressure gradient in low permeability reservoirs[J].Journal of Xi'an Petroleum Institute(Natural Science Edition),1999,14(3):11-14.
[11] 罗宪波,李波,刘英,等.存在启动压力梯度时储层动用半径的确定[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):248-250. Luo Xianbo,Li Bo,Liu Ying,et al.An analytic solution method of nonlinear seepage models with ordinary heavy oil when taking threshold pressure gradient into consideration[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2009,21(4):248-250.
[12] 朱维耀,刘今子,宋洪庆,等.低/特低渗透油藏非达西渗流有效动用计算方法[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):452-457. Zhu Weiyao,Liu Jinzi,Song Hongqing,et al.Calculation of effective startup degree of non-darcy flow in low or ultra-low permeability re-servoirs [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(3):452-457.
[13] 丁一萍,李江龙,刘传喜,等.低渗透稠油油藏水平井优化设计研究[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):561-565. Ding Yiping,Li Jianglong,Liu Chuanxi,et al.Optimized horizontal technology in low permeability and heavy oil reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(3):561-565.
[14] 丁一萍,刘传喜,凡玉梅,等.低渗稠油油藏热采效果影响因素分析及水平井优化[J].断块油气田,2011,18(4):489-492. Ding Yiping,Liu Chuanxi,Fan Yumei,et al.Influence factors on thermal recovery effect and horizontal well optimization research in low-permeability heavy oil reservoir[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2011,18(4):489-492.
[15] 王卫红,王经荣,李璗,等.稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐井注采参数系统优化[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(2):104-106,118. WANG Weihong,Wang Jingrong,Li Dang,et al.Optimization of steam stimulation injection-production parameter system in heavy oil[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(2):104-106,118.