珠江口盆地白云凹陷储层沥青成因及其对油藏调整改造的启示

doi:10.11743/ogg20190113

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 133-141.doi: 10.11743/ogg20190113

珠江口盆地白云凹陷储层沥青成因及其对油藏调整改造的启示

李美俊^1,2, 张忠涛³, 陈聪³, 杨程宇², 卢晓林², 付健², 代金慧², 唐友军¹

1. 长江大学资源与环境学院油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430100;
2. 中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249;
3. 中国海洋石油南海东部公司, 广东深圳 518000

收稿日期:2018-07-15 修回日期:2018-08-18 出版日期:2019-02-28 发布日期:2018-12-08
第一作者简介:李美俊(1972-),男,教授,有机地球化学、油气地球化学。E-mail:meijunli@cup.edu.cn。
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金项目（41272158）；油气资源与探测国家重点实验室自主研究课题（PRP/indep-2-1402）。

Origin of reservoir bitumen and its implications for adjustment and reformation of hydrocarbon-accumulation in Baiyuan Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

Li Meijun^1,2, Zhang Zhongtao³, Chen Cong³, Yang Chengyu², Lu Xiaolin², Fu Jian², Dai Jinhui², Tang Youjun¹

1. Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources(Yangtze University), Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environment, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
3. CNOOC East Nanhai Corp. Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China

Received:2018-07-15 Revised:2018-08-18 Online:2019-02-28 Published:2018-12-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在珠江口盆地白云凹陷多个层系都发现了储层沥青。储层沥青丰度自上部的珠海组、珠江组至深部的恩平组、文昌组逐渐增加。储层沥青在物性较好的粗粒砂岩中多为零星状出现，而在细粒的粉砂岩和泥岩中主要呈脉状分布而且含量明显增加。几乎所有的储层沥青均没有显示出明显的各向异性，而且沥青反射率均小于2.0%，表明高温热裂解不是储层沥青形成的主要原因。沥青抽提物的分子地球化学组成特征显示，白云凹陷储层沥青抽提物中缺乏25-降霍烷系列，色谱基线没有明显的“UCM”鼓包、单井地层埋藏史显示储层也未遭受大幅度的抬升剥蚀，因此储层沥青也非生物降解成因。结合地质背景和油气藏特征分析认为，白云凹陷储层沥青的成因为：恩平组-文昌组烃源岩早期生成的原油聚集成藏以后，深部主要遭受了后期天然气的气洗作用。不同层位烃源岩、储层热演化的时间差异是导致白云凹陷油气藏发生调整，并转变为轻质油、挥发油等特殊油藏类型的重要原因。

关键词: 反射率, 裂解, 气洗, 储层沥青, 白云凹陷, 珠江口盆地

Abstract:

Reservoir bitumen has been discovered in multiple Paleogene series of strata in the Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin.The abundance of reservoir bitumen gradually increases from the shallower Zhuhai and Zhujiang formations to deeply buried Enping and Wenchang Formations.The reservoir bitumen only sporadically occurs in coarse-grained sandstones with better permeability and porosity, while occurs in siltstones and mudstones in the form of veins.Almost all reservoir bitumen samples do not show apparent anisotropy with bitumen reflectance lower than 2.0%,suggesting that the reservoir bitumen in the Baiyun Sag doesn't mainly result from high-temperature cracking.All bitumen extracts lack 25-norhopane series according to the analysis of molecular geochemical composition.No gas chromatogram base-line "hump" was discovered in all saturated hydrocarbon of reservoir bitumen.The reconstructed burial history of representative individual wells shows that the reservoir strata have not experienced large-scale uplifting and denudation.Therefore,the reservoir bitumen in the Baiyun Sag is not of biodegradation origin.Based on the analyses of the geological setting and characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs,the origin of reservoir bitumen could be attributed to later "gas washing" for deeply buried hydrocarbon-accumulation generated by source rocks of Enping and Wenchang Formations during the early thermal maturity stage.The time differences of thermal evolution for source rocks and reservoirs of various stratigraphic horizons leads to the adjustment and altering of oil and gas reservoirs in the Baiyun Sag,subsequently resulting in the formation of light and volatile oil reservoirs.

Key words: bitumen reflectance, cracking, gas washing, reservoir bitumen, Baiyun Sag, Peral River Mouth Basin

中图分类号:

TE135

李美俊,张忠涛,陈聪,等. 珠江口盆地白云凹陷储层沥青成因及其对油藏调整改造的启示[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(1): 133-141. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190113 Li Meijun,Zhang Zhongtao,Chen Cong,et al. Origin of reservoir bitumen and its implications for adjustment and reformation of hydrocarbon-accumulation in Baiyuan Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(1): 133-141. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190113

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珠江口盆地白云凹陷储层沥青成因及其对油藏调整改造的启示

Origin of reservoir bitumen and its implications for adjustment and reformation of hydrocarbon-accumulation in Baiyuan Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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