石油与天然气地质 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 673-689.doi: 10.11743/ogg20210313
程鑫1,2(), 周立宏3, 操应长1,4,*(), 金凤鸣3, 付立新3, 李宏军3, 楼达3, 远光辉1,4
收稿日期:
2019-03-04
出版日期:
2021-06-28
发布日期:
2021-06-23
通讯作者:
操应长
E-mail:645719710@qq.com;cyc8391680@163.com
第一作者简介:
程鑫(1990—),男,博士研究生,油气储层。E-mail: 基金项目:
Xin Cheng1,2(), Lihong Zhou3, Yingchang Cao1,4,*(), Fengming Jin3, Lixin Fu3, Hongjun Li3, Da Lou3, Guanghui Yuan1,4
Received:
2019-03-04
Online:
2021-06-28
Published:
2021-06-23
Contact:
Yingchang Cao
E-mail:645719710@qq.com;cyc8391680@163.com
摘要:
碳酸盐岩潜山储层成因及分布的复杂性制约了该类油藏的勘探。综合利用地震资料、岩心-薄片观察、测-录井分析、地化分析以及埋藏史分析等技术方法,从构造演化差异性角度对大港探区下古生界碳酸盐岩潜山进行分类,并开展了储集差异性和优质储层成因研究。大港探区下古生界碳酸盐岩潜山可以划分为残丘山、间断侵蚀断块山、断块山、挤压褶皱山和重力滑动褶皱山5种类型。残丘山为晚期大气水淋滤型储层,储集空间以岩溶孔、洞为主,发育少量裂缝;间断侵蚀断块山为中期大气水淋滤-深部溶蚀共控型储层,溶孔和裂缝均较发育;断块山、挤压褶皱山和重力滑动褶皱山未经历中、晚期表生淋滤,储层成因与断裂和埋深密切相关,可分为断裂破碎-深部溶蚀共控和断裂沟通-TSR溶蚀共控2种成因类型。前者在靠近基底断裂部分发育孔、洞、缝复合型储层,随着距基底断层距离增加,逐渐变为裂缝主导型储层,溶孔含量降低;后者主要发育在地温较高(>140 ℃)的深埋区,储集空间以裂缝为主,发育部分溶蚀孔、洞。上古生界缺失区、基底断层发育区和发育上古生界的深埋高温区(>140 ℃)可作为优质储层预测的有利指向。
中图分类号:
图3
大港探区下古生界碳酸盐岩岩石学特征 a.扣24井,埋深2 297.70 m,泥晶灰岩(单偏光);b.太17X1井,埋深3 511.50 m,含白云微晶灰岩(单偏光);c.泊古1井,埋深1 801.50 m,粉砂屑灰岩(单偏光);d.盐古1井,埋深1 895.20 m,含生屑鲕粒灰岩(单偏光);e.泊古1井,埋深1 706.18 m,细晶灰岩(正交光);f.徐10井,埋深1 342.49 m,泥质灰岩(单偏光);g.沧参1井,埋深1 853.18 m,微晶白云岩(单偏光);h.沧参1井,埋深2 065.15 m,膏质砂屑白云岩(单偏光),右上角为同一视域正交光;i.盐古1井,埋深1 791.30 m,灰质白云岩(单偏光);j.泊古1井,埋深2 101.25 m,灰质白云岩(单偏光);k.板深701井,埋深4 648.40 m,角砾白云岩(单偏光);l.盐古1井,埋深1 579.37 m,泥质充填角砾岩"
图5
大港探区下古生界碳酸盐岩储集空间类型 a.盐古1井,埋深1 683.61 m,角砾间孔、洞;b.港古16101井,埋深2 857.25 m,角砾间孔、洞;c.港古16101井,埋深2 858.30 m,角砾间孔(单偏光);d.板深701井,埋深4 625.80 m,角砾间孔(单偏光);e.港古16101井,埋深2 855.85 m,角砾间及角砾内溶孔(单偏光);f.盐古1井,埋深1 577.30 m,基质溶孔(单偏光);g.板深701井,埋深4 628.50 m,基质溶孔及裂缝(单偏光);h.扣19井,埋深2 372.05 m,构造缝及基质溶孔(单偏光);i.扣19井,埋深2 251.85 m,裂缝及白云石晶间溶孔(单偏光);j.泊古1井,埋深1 901.40 m,半充填构造缝(单偏光);k.孔古6井,埋深2 719.81 m,开启微裂缝;l.歧古1井,埋深4 009.95 m,开启压溶缝(单偏光);m.盐古1井,埋深1 377.90 m,溶蚀缝(单偏光);n.歧古6井,埋深3 322.00-3 324.00 m,成像测井,构造裂缝及溶蚀孔、洞;o.王古1井,埋深4 546.00-4 547.50 m,成像测井,构造裂缝及溶蚀孔、洞"
图6
大港探区下古生界碳酸盐岩成岩作用类型 a.港古16101井,埋深2 855.85 m,白云质基质溶蚀(单偏光);b.歧古1井,埋深4 012.41 m,灰质基质溶蚀(正交光);c.板深701井,埋深4 628.50 m,白云质基质及溶孔充填物溶蚀(单偏光);d.盐古1井,埋深1 377.90 m,方解石脉溶蚀(单偏光);e.盐古1井,埋深1 895.20 m,鲕粒间方解石胶结(正交光);f.孔古6井,埋深2 720.30 m,砂屑间不发光方解石胶结及后期发亮光方解石脉(阴极发光),右上方为同一视域单偏光;g.板深701井,埋深4 630.56 m,角砾间方解石胶结及黄铁矿胶结(单偏光);h.板深701井,埋深4 617.78 m,裂缝内不发光方解石及后期发亮光方解石胶结(阴极发光),右上方为同一视域单偏光;i.扣24井,埋深2 094.09 m,裂缝内早期弱发光和晚期发亮光方解石胶结(阴极发光);j.港古2-1井,埋深2 238.45 m,弱发光方解石脉(阴极发光),右上方为同一视域单偏光;k.港古16101井,埋深2 861.75 m,天青石胶结(单偏光),右上方为同一视域正交光;l.板深701井,埋深4 625.28 m,沸石胶结(单偏光);m.板深701井,埋深4 625.28 m,溶孔内硅质胶结(单偏光);n.扣19,埋深2 171.17 m,裂缝内萤石胶结(单偏光),右上方为同一视域正交光;o.孔古8井,埋深3 010.25 m,黄铁矿胶结(单偏光);p.扣19井,埋深2 378.80 m,硬石膏胶结(正交光),右上方为同一视域单偏光"
表1
大港探区不发光方解石胶结物氧同位素值"
编号 | 井号 | 深度/m | 潜山类型 | 产状 | 发光特征 | δ18O(PDB)/‰ | δ18O(W-SMOW)/‰ | 计算温度/℃ |
1 | 扣24 | 2 094.09 | 断块山 | 粒间 | 不发光 | -6.04 | 0 | 46.03 |
2 | 歧古1 | 4 012.41 | 断块山 | 粒间 | 不发光 | 0.29 | 0 | 14.34 |
3 | 歧古1 | 4 195.70 | 断块山 | 粒间 | 不发光 | -7.97 | 0 | 58.01 |
4 | 港古1-1 | 2 220.20 | 断块山 | 角砾间 | 不发光 | -18.32 | -12.00 | 48.12 |
5 | 港古1-1 | 2 220.20 | 断块山 | 角砾间 | 不发光 | -17.64 | -12.00 | 44.06 |
6 | 港古1-1 | 2 220.20 | 断块山 | 角砾间 | 不发光 | -15.70 | -12.00 | 33.35 |
7 | 港古1-1 | 2 220.20 | 断块山 | 角砾间 | 不发光 | -16.64 | -12.00 | 38.37 |
8 | 板深701 | 4 617.78 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 脉体 | 不发光 | -12.82 | -8.00 | 39.32 |
9 | 板深701 | 4 617.78 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 脉体 | 不发光 | -13.01 | -8.00 | 40.36 |
10 | 板深701 | 4 617.78 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 脉体 | 不发光 | -12.11 | -8.00 | 35.43 |
11 | 板深701 | 4 617.78 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 脉体 | 不发光 | -11.75 | -8.00 | 33.51 |
12 | 板深701 | 4 617.78 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 脉体 | 不发光 | -11.34 | -8.00 | 31.40 |
13 | 板深701 | 4 622.80 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 角砾间 | 不发光 | -12.84 | -8.00 | 39.37 |
14 | 板深701 | 4 622.80 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 角砾间 | 不发光 | -11.03 | -8.00 | 29.78 |
15 | 板深701 | 4 648.00 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 角砾间 | 不发光 | -11.97 | -8.00 | 34.69 |
16 | 板深701 | 4 648.00 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 角砾间 | 不发光 | -13.16 | -8.00 | 41.21 |
17 | 板深701 | 4 648.40 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 脉体 | 不发光 | -13.56 | -8.00 | 43.46 |
18 | 板深701 | 4 648.40 | 间断侵蚀断块山 | 脉体 | 不发光 | -12.95 | -8.00 | 40.01 |
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